大豆是一种重要的高需氮素经济作物,在其生长发育过程中“源”器官中的氮素以氨基酸的形式通过韧皮部转运至幼叶、根和种子等“库”器官,对大豆苗期的生长发育和最终产量性状的形成具有重要的作用.测定大豆“源”器官韧皮部汁液中氨基酸的含量和组成,对于解析大豆氮素的“源”、“库”输送能力,选育具有高氮素输送能力的大豆品种具有重要的意义.建立了一种大豆子叶叶柄韧皮部氨基酸的提取工艺,通过此方法对大豆幼苗子叶韧皮部氨基酸进行提取和测定,检测出19种氨基酸,其中天冬酰胺的含量最高,也验证了天冬酰胺是韧皮部的主要运输形式.此方法对筛选具有高氮素:“源”-“库”输送能力的大豆品种具有重要意义.

Renal clear cell carcinoma (RCCC) is the most common type of renal cancer, which is known for its high metastasis, aggressive behavior, and morphologic diversity. For early diagnosis and precise treatment, more biomarkers and therapeutic targets are badly needed. Centromere protein F (CENPF) is a microtubule-binding protein as well as a cell cycle-associated nuclear antigen. Recent studies demonstrated that CENPF affected multiple cellular processes, such as mitosis and vesicular transport. The wide effects of CENPF on the progression and metastasis of tumors have also been revealed, however, the effects of CENPF on renal cancer, especially RCCC, remain unknown. Herein, the obvious high expression of CENPF in human RCCC tissues was found, and the expression of CENPF was correlated with the prognosis and clinical pathological features including tumor size and tumor stage of RCCC patients. CENPF promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of RCCC cells in vitro, and contributed to tumor growth and metastasis in mice. Therefore, the involvement of CENPF in RCCC progression was confirmed and CENPF could act as a promising therapeutic target for RCCC treatment.

Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking, combined with in vitro experiments, to explore the mechanism of ursolic acid (UA) in treating glioblastoma (GBM). UA targets were obtained from TCMSP, SwissTargetPrediction, SuperPred databases, and disease targets of GBM were obtained from four disease databases including GeneCards, DisGeNET, TTD, and PharmGkb combined with two GEO gene chips. Cytoscape software was used to screen the core target of UA in the treatment of GBM by protein interaction. GEPIA (gene expression profiling interactive analysis) database was used to analyze whether there is a significant difference in mRNA expression levels of core targets between GBM patient tissues and normal tissues. David database was used to carry out GO (gene ontology) function and KEGG (Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes) pathway enrichment analysis for potential targets. Autodock Vina and Pymol were used to realize the molecular docking of UA and the significant core proteins. Finally, the anti-tumor activity of UA was further verified through in vitro experiments. The results indicated that 92 protein targets corresponding to UA were screened, and 7 433 targets of GBM were obtained, and 72 potential targets were obtained after combination. The PPI network and topology analysis results show that 10 core targets, including CCND1, EGFR, FOS, CASP3, HSP90AA1, IL6, CTNNB1, INS, RELA, and VEGFA are the core targets. The expression of CASP3, CCND1, EGFR, FOS, IL-6, and VEGFR mRNA in GBM tissue was significantly higher than that in normal tissue by GEPIA database analysis. GO enrichment analysis found that UA treatment of GBM was closely related to cellular response to chemical stress, membrane raft, cysteine-type endopeptidase activity, etc. KEGG pathway analysis showed that it involved apoptosis, TNF signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, etc. The results of in vitro experiments showed that UA could inhibit the proliferation of U251 cells, The IC50 value is 26.66 μmol/L. The results of RT-qPCR and WB(western blot) showed that UA could regulate the expression of CASP3 and CCND1 mRNA and protein in U251 cells, and UA could promote the overexpression of CASP3 mRNA and protein and inhibit the expression of CCND1 mRNA and protein in U251 cells. UA can treat glioblastoma through multiple targets and pathways.

提高胃癌的早期诊断有助于降低胃癌的死亡率.胃癌的发病与遗传、生活方式以及环境影响有关.由于血清中生物糖蕴含与机体状态有关的丰富信息,本研究分析了胃癌患者与健康对照组血清单糖组成差异,发现胃癌患者血清中游离与水解甘露糖浓度显著高于健康个体.与现有消化道肿瘤标志物相结合,构建了适用于胃癌筛查的联合诊断模型.诊断模型的受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUC=0.900 8)高于糖类抗原199(CA199)和癌胚抗原(CEA),并适用于早期胃癌的诊断.使用TCGA数据库中的胃癌RNA测序数据对甘露糖代谢相关基因进行分析,发现甘露糖焦磷酸化酶A(GMPPA)在不同恶性程度的胃癌组织中表达差异显著,GMPPA低表达的患者预后较差.本研究为胃癌的早期筛查与预后判断提供了新方法和新思路.

肝细胞癌（HCC）是癌症最常见的一种预后不良的原发性肝癌，也是癌症相关死亡的主要原因. 垂体肿瘤转化基因1(PTTG1)在多种癌症中过表达.本研究为了评估PTTG1在HCC患者中的表达和预后价值.使用GEPIA(gene expression profiling interactive analysis)数据库分析 PTTG1 的蛋白表达及其预后特征 .KEGG(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)通路分析发现PTTG1的相关信号通路.采用免疫组织化学方法比较PTTG1在正常肝组织和肝癌组织中的表达.采用流式细胞术、western blot和CCK-8方法评估两种癌症细胞系和正常肝细胞系中PTTG1的分子生物学的功能.采用细胞划痕实验方法评估PTTG1对细胞迁移的影响.GEPIA数据库分析表明, PTTG1在肝癌组织中表达上调并且PTTG1的表达与肝癌细胞的增殖能力呈正相关.另外, 细胞实验发现PTTG1被敲低后显著抑制细胞增殖、阻碍细胞迁移、抑制细胞周期、促进细胞凋亡. 因此, PTTG1在肝细胞癌的发生以及病程进展中的作用至关重要,可能是肝细胞癌转移标志物及潜在治疗靶点.

肾癌是泌尿系统常见的恶性肿瘤.趋化素样因子1(chemokine-like factor 1, CKLF1)在多种恶性肿瘤中呈高表达,本研究旨在探讨CKLF1在肾癌细胞ACHN中过表达后,肾癌细胞ACHN增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的变化及其发生机制.利用4D核转染技术将实验组和对照组质粒分别转染肾癌ACHN细胞,实现该因子在肾癌细胞中的过表达.显微镜下,通过观察绿色荧光蛋白在视野细胞中的表达比例判定转染效率.利用IncuCyte S3活细胞动态成像与分析系统评估细胞的增殖情况.划痕和transwell实验被用于评估CKLF1过表达后,肾癌细胞迁移和侵袭能力的变化情况.Western blot法检测CKLF1过表达后,蛋白CyclinD1、MMP2表达情况.动态细胞监测系统检测结果显示,与对照组相比较,实验组细胞的增殖活性明显高于对照组.CKLF1过表达后,实验组肾癌细胞的迁移和侵袭能力均明显升高,并且CyclinD1和MMP2蛋白表达水平明显高于对照组.CKLF1可能通过促进CyclinD1的表达增强细胞的增殖活性，通过促进MMP2蛋白的表达,增强ACHN细胞的迁移和侵袭能力.在肾癌的发生以及病程进展中CKLF1可能是重要的促癌因子.

提出了一种基于特征向量中心性推断基因调控网络结构的算法,通过特征向量中心性挖掘基因在网络中的拓扑信息,结合基因对之间的相关性和拓扑信息构建完整的基因调控网络.算法在n个变量和n个样本的DREAM数据集以及包含9个变量和9个样本的大肠杆菌数据集上进行仿真测试,并与现有的基于距离相关性和网络拓扑中性的3种最先进的网络推理算法进行了比较,算法结果显示该方法能够提高基因调控网络结构的预测精度.

磷脂酰肌醇蛋白聚糖1(Glypican Proteoglycan 1, GPC1)是胰腺癌的重要标志物,为实现对GPC1的高灵敏度检测,使用金纳米团簇(gold nanoclusters, AuNCs)制备了免疫型光电化学(photoelectrochemical, PEC)传感器.其中AuNCs起到光电转换的作用,在AuNCs表面链接上特异性GPC1抗体(anti-GPC1),利用抗原抗体的特异性结合实现对GPC1的光电化学传感检测.结果表明,基于AuNCs的免疫型PEC传感器对GPC1具有良好的敏感性,可以实现 GPC1 的传感检测 . 最终在 0.01-5 ng/mL 的 GPC1 浓度范围内,达到了 3.483 nA/(ng·mL-1 )的灵敏度,以及3.33 pg/mL的最低检测限,实现了对GPC1的高灵敏度检测.

为实现对过氧化氢的高灵敏度检测,合成了表面具有葡聚糖(dextran)配体的纳米四氧化三铁(Fe3O4)材料,并将其应用于制备光电化学(photoelectrochemical, PEC)传感器.所合成的Fe3O4纳米材料不仅具有光电转换能力,而且表现出传统纳米材料所缺乏的对过氧化氢的直接催化性.同时利用Fe3O4纳米材料光电性能和催化特性制作的PEC传感器表现出对过氧化氢良好的传感特性,可以实现过氧化氢的传感检测.最终在0-4 mmol/L的过氧化氢浓度范围内,达到了2.39 nA/mmol·L-1 的灵敏度,以及0.13 mmol/L的最低检测限,实现了对过氧化氢的高灵敏度检测.

提出一种Attention-Autoencoder模型并应用于系统中.将Attention模型与信道统计信息的相关先验知识结合,在接收端引入注意力(Attention)模块筛选有效数据从而增加网络提取特征的能力.基于Bellhop水声信道模型开展了不同信道环境的仿真实验验证,在测试集与训练集相差较大时,Attention-Autoencoder模型的水声通信系统具有较低误码率,具有较好的环境适应性.

By using the least action principle and minimax methods in critical point theory, the existence of periodic solutions for some second order discrete Hamiltonian systems is obtained.

研究了包含分数阶p-拉普拉斯算子和凹凸非线性项的Schr?dinger-Kirchhoff型方程.在对方程中的位势函数作适当假设下,运用山路定理、喷泉定理和Clark定理,证明了上述方程正解的存在性,并进一步证明了方程存在无穷多个非平凡解.

对概率论起源问题"赌金分配问题"的3种解法的等价性进行了统一的证明,并考虑了一种特殊的证法.此外还给出了赌金分配问题的推广与应用.

以金属有机框架材料UiO-66-NH2为载体对恩诺沙星(Enr)进行装载，考察其药物装载能力及其药物的释放效果.用一锅法制备装载Enr的UiO-66-NH2 (Enr@UiO-66-NH2)的纳米粒子，利用不同的蛋白质或氨基酸对Enr@UiO-66-NH2 进行了活化和修饰，对制得的蛋白质或氨基酸修饰的纳米粒子样品通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)和红外光谱法(IR)对其进行结构确证及表征，发现氨基化修饰UiO-66产生的一系列产物是成功的.在PBS溶液中对其进行药物释放实验，并进行荧光检测记录实验结果.

采用密度泛函理论的M06-2X和MN15方法，结合自洽反应场理论的SMD模型方法，研究了水液相下羟自由基（OH ·）诱导组氨酸分子（His）损伤的反应机理.研究发现：His的损伤可以通过OH · 抽取其H原子、OH · 加成到其不饱和 C 原子和单电子从其向 OH · 转移 3 个途径实现 . 势能面计算表明：抽 H 反应能垒在 3.9-48.6 kJ/mol之间，加成反应能垒在0-20.1 kJ/mol之间，电子从His向OH ·转移反应的能垒是43.0 kJ/mol.结果表明，水液相下OH ·极易通过抽H、加成和夺取单电子等3种方式与His分子反应，组氨酸可以作为理想的自由基清除剂.

低聚合度聚磷酸铵是一种高效缓释水溶性磷肥，为了研究聚磷酸铵在土壤中有效性的影响因素和磷素转移规律，利用内蒙古、新疆、贵州、陕西渭南和陕西榆林共五种不同土壤，分别加入等量的低聚合度聚磷酸铵，通过土柱淋洗的方法研究聚磷酸铵在不同土壤中磷素转移规律，为低聚合度聚磷酸铵在农业领域的推广和使用提供技术支持.

In order to develop an accurate and rapid method for the detection of Mycoplasma haemocanis, an indirect ELISA method based on phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) of Mycoplasma haemocanis was established. The phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) gene sequence of Mycoplasma haemocanis was obtained from the published whole genome sequence of Mycoplasma haemocanis in NCBI. By selecting the codon optimized gene sequence preferred by prokaryotes and inserting the chemically synthesized new gene sequence pgk into the plasmid, the prokaryotic expression vector pet32a(+)-pgk was successfully constructed and expressed in E. coli BL21. The relative molecular weight of the protein was confirmed to be about 60 ku by SDS-PAGE. Using purified PGK recombinant protein as coating antigen, an indirect ELISA method based on PGK protein was established and further optimized. The results showed that the optimum coating concentration of antigen was 2.5 μg/mL, the optimum dilution multiple of serum was 1∶200, the optimal working concentration of sealant was 5% skim milk, the optimal sealing time of sealant was 45 min, the optimal action time of serum to be tested was 60 min, the optimal working concentration of enzyme labeled second antibody was 1∶5,000, and the optimal action time of enzyme labeled second antibody was 30min. Based on this, an indirect ELISA method for canine Mycoplasma haemocanis was established, and the clinical negative serum was selected to calculate the critical value. This method was used to detect 166 clinical samples, and the positive rate was 21.1%, which was consistent with the result of fluorescence quantitative PCR. The completion of this experiment provides an effective detection method for clinical monitoring of Mycoplasma haemocanis in dogs and provides a research basis for further prevention and treatment of the disease.